Operating Systems Explained

Operating systems (OS) are the foundation of computer functionality, managing hardware and software resources while providing services to applications. **Core Components**: 1. **Kernel**: The core that manages memory, processes, and device communication. 2. **File System**: Organizes data storage. 3. **User Interface**: CLI (Command-Line Interface) or GUI (Graphical User Interface). Popular OS types: - **Windows**: User-friendly and widely used in personal and business environments. - **Linux**: Open-source, flexible, and popular in servers. - **macOS**: Known for its sleek design and performance. Advanced concepts: - **Virtual Memory**: Expanding RAM using disk storage. - **Multitasking**: Running multiple processes simultaneously. - **Security**: Permissions and sandboxing. Experiment with different OS environments using virtual machines (e.g., VirtualBox). Learn shell scripting to automate tasks and explore the inner workings of an OS.